a two nut system might work where you lock them together with wrenches. or a specific type washer that i cannot think of the name but go to a hardware store and explain your issue. they'll know what the washer is called. looks like a tiny piece of tube extending from the middle of the washer so it can jam against the axle and not let the nut tighten to the axle so the wheel can spin.

My Lawnmower wheel fell of so I bought new one. On this mower the bolt acts as the axle and twists into a threaded hole on the body of the mower. My problem is this. Once I put wheel bolt through wheel with washer on and tighten into hole, if I tighten to much the wheel wont spin or, if I dont tighten enough the wheel turn the bolt and backs it out as I roll the mower forward. I have tried lock tite on the threads. It worked for about to mows then it failed and bolt once again backed out due to friction on the wheel. Any ideas how to get this thing to stay on?